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Plants & CreaturesGreekEnglish

Crocodile

/ˈkrɑkədaɪl/noun

A large armoured reptile of tropical rivers, with a long snout and teeth visible when the jaw is shut.

The Greek roots

κροκόδειλος
krokódeilos
lizard, crocodile

Literally: shingle worm

The story of the word

Herodotus reports that Egyptians called the animal champsai and that Ionian Greeks named it after the lizards they knew from the dry stone walls at home. The standard breakdown into κρόκη, shingle or pebbles, plus δρῖλος, worm, is old and plausible rather than proved. Middle English had it as cocodrille through French, with the consonants swapped, until sixteenth-century writers pulled the spelling back towards the Greek. Crocodile tears come from a medieval bestiary story that the beast weeps over what it eats.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → Old French → English
First recorded
13th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

In a sentence

A crocodile lay on the bank so still the children thought it was carved.

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