Skip to content
Medicine & BodyGreekEnglish

Anemia

/əˈniːmiə/noun

A shortage of healthy red blood cells that leaves the body short of oxygen.

The Greek roots

ἀν-
an-
without
+
αἷμα
haîma
blood

Literally: without blood

The story of the word

Greek ἀναιμία meant bloodlessness and appears in ancient medical writing for the state after heavy bleeding. The modern sense, too few or too weak red cells rather than too little blood, had to wait for the microscope and for nineteenth-century cell counts. English took the word through French anémie, which is why British spelling keeps the digraph in anaemia and American spelling drops it.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Modern Latin → French → English
First recorded
early 19th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

hemorrhagehemoglobinleukemiahemophilia

In a sentence

Her tiredness turned out to be iron-deficiency anemia, not overwork.

Built on the same root

More from Medicine & Body