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Medicine & BodyGreekEnglish

Asthma

/ˈæzmə/noun

A condition in which the airways narrow and swell, making breathing difficult.

The Greek roots

ἄσθμα
ásthma
panting, hard breathing

Literally: panting

Follow a root:ἄσθμα1 word

The story of the word

The Iliad uses the word of Hector laid out on the ground, gasping after a blow, long before any doctor took it up. Hippocratic writers made it a medical term for laboured breathing. English had it by the late 14th century spelled asma, which is still exactly how it sounds; 16th-century editors put the th back to show the Greek, leaving behind a letter nobody pronounces.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → English
First recorded
late 14th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

In a sentence

His asthma is worse in cold air than in pollen season.

She keeps an inhaler in every coat because of the asthma.

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