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Asthenosphere

/æsˈθɛnəsfɪr/noun

The soft, slowly flowing layer of the upper mantle on which the tectonic plates ride.

The Greek roots

ἀσθενής
asthenḗs
without strength, weak
+
σφαῖρα
sphaîra
ball, sphere

Literally: weak sphere

The story of the word

Joseph Barrell named the layer in 1914, decades before anyone could observe it. He reasoned from the way land rebounds after ice sheets melt that something under the crust has to yield, and called that weak zone the asthenosphere. The rock there is not molten, only close enough to its melting point to creep, which is exactly what lets the plates above it move.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
1914

Same family

astheniamyasthenianeurasthenialithosphereatmosphere

In a sentence

Seismic waves slow down as they cross into the asthenosphere.

Scandinavia is still rising as the asthenosphere flows back under it.

Built on the same root

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