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Plants & CreaturesGreekEnglish

Iris

/ˈaɪrɪs/noun

The coloured ring around the pupil of the eye, or a genus of showy flowers.

The Greek roots

ἶρις
îris
rainbow

Literally: rainbow

Follow a root:ἶρις2 words

The story of the word

Iris was the messenger of the gods, who came down the rainbow the way Hermes came by air, and the goddess and the common noun are one word. Anatomy took it for the coloured disc of the eye and botany for a flower that comes in almost any shade a bulb can produce. Iridescent belongs here, and so does iridium, named in 1803 for the many colours of its salts.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → English
First recorded
14th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

iridescentiridiumiritisiridology

In a sentence

The scanner reads the iris in about a second.

Blue irises came up along the ditch every June.

Built on the same root

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