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Crater

/ˈkreɪtər/noun

A bowl-shaped hollow at a volcano's mouth or where a meteorite has struck.

The Greek roots

κρατήρ
kratḗr
mixing bowl

Literally: mixing bowl

Follow a root:κρατήρ2 words

The story of the word

At a Greek symposium the wine was mixed with water in a wide two-handled κρατήρ before anyone drank; taking it neat was what barbarians did. The verb behind the noun, κεράννυμι, means simply to mix. Naturalists borrowed the shape for volcano mouths in the seventeenth century, and astronomers later carried it to the Moon, where Galileo had seen the hollows but had no name for them.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → English
First recorded
17th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

idiosyncrasycrasis

In a sentence

Steam was still coming off the floor of the crater at dawn.

Built on the same root

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