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Plants & CreaturesGreekEnglish

Xylem

/ˈzaɪləm/noun

The plant tissue that carries water and dissolved minerals up from the roots.

The Greek roots

ξύλον
xýlon
cut wood, timber

Literally: wood

Follow a root:ξύλον4 words

The story of the word

Carl Nägeli cut both xylem and phloem out of Greek in 1858, one from ξύλον, cut wood, the other from φλοιός, bark. The name is literal: in a tree the dead thickened xylem cells are the wood. What runs inside them is a column of water under tension, pulled up by evaporation at the leaves rather than pushed from below, which is how a redwood gets water a hundred metres into the air with no pump.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → German scientific coinage → English
First recorded
19th century

Same family

xylophonexylographyxylene

In a sentence

Cut the ring of xylem and the crown dies whatever you do to the roots.

Built on the same root

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