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Philosophy & ThoughtGreekEnglish

Syllogism

/ˈsɪlədʒɪzəm/noun

An argument in which a conclusion follows from two premises.

The Greek roots

σύν
sýn
together
+
λογισμός
logismós
reckoning, reasoning

Literally: a reckoning together

The story of the word

Aristotle defined the syllogismos in the Prior Analytics and the definition governed European logic for two thousand years. The literal sense is arithmetical: you put two statements together and something is reckoned out of them. All men are mortal, Socrates is a man, so Socrates is mortal is the textbook example, though it is not one Aristotle himself used.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → Old French → English
First recorded
14th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

logiclogisticseulogyanalogy

In a sentence

The whole editorial rests on a syllogism with a missing middle term.

Built on the same root

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