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Plants & CreaturesGreekEnglish

Photosynthesis

/ˌfoʊtoʊˈsɪnθəsɪs/noun

The process by which plants build sugars from carbon dioxide and water using light.

The Greek roots

φῶς, φωτός
phôs, phōtós
light
+
σύνθεσις
sýnthesis
a putting together

Literally: putting together by light

The story of the word

The American botanist Charles Reid Barnes proposed a name for the process in 1893, and his own preference was photosyntax; his colleagues took the other option he had floated and photosynthesis stuck. σύνθεσις is a builder's and a grammarian's word, the placing of parts together, which is exactly right for a reaction that assembles sugar out of gas. Before the name existed the phenomenon had been demonstrated for over a century, since Priestley found in 1771 that a sprig of mint restored air a candle had spoiled.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
1893

Same family

synthesissyntheticphotonprosthesisthesis

In a sentence

The tank algae bloomed once the lamp ran long enough for photosynthesis to outpace the fish.

Built on the same root

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