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Everyday LifeGreekEnglish

Olive

/ˈɑlɪv/noun

The small bitter fruit of a Mediterranean evergreen, and the tree that bears it.

The Greek roots

ἐλαία
elaía
olive tree, olive

Literally: the olive tree

Follow a root:ἐλαία1 word

The story of the word

ἐλαία and its oil ἔλαιον are almost certainly not native Greek words but borrowings from an older Mediterranean language, taken along with the crop itself. Athens claimed the tree as Athena's gift, planted on the Acropolis to beat Poseidon's salt spring, and the city's prize amphorae were filled with its oil. Latin oliva gave French and then English the fruit, while the same Greek root came in separately, through Latin oleum, as oil.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → Old French → English
First recorded
13th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

oiloleanderpetroleum

In a sentence

He ate the olive and put the stone back in the bowl, which annoyed everybody.

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