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Plants & CreaturesGreekEnglish

Gamete

/ˈɡæmiːt/noun

A reproductive cell, egg or sperm, that fuses with another at fertilisation.

The Greek roots

γαμέτης
gamétēs
husband, spouse

Literally: the married one

Follow a root:γαμέτης1 word

The story of the word

γαμέτης is a husband and γαμετή a wife, both from γαμεῖν, to marry, the verb behind monogamy and bigamy. Nineteenth-century biology took the pair for the two sex cells, so every fertilisation is described in Greek as a wedding. English hears none of it, which is why gamete sounds like laboratory vocabulary while polygamy sounds like a social arrangement.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English

Same family

monogamypolygamybigamygametophyte

In a sentence

Each gamete carries a single set of chromosomes.

Fertility clinics freeze gametes routinely now.

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