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Plants & CreaturesGreekEnglish

Chitin

/ˈkaɪtɪn/noun

The tough polysaccharide that forms insect exoskeletons and fungal cell walls.

The Greek roots

χιτών
chitṓn
tunic worn next to the skin

Literally: tunic

Follow a root:χιτών1 word

The story of the word

χιτών was the basic Greek garment, the linen tunic worn under everything else. Auguste Odier applied the name in the 1820s to the substance he separated from beetle wing cases, so an insect's armour is filed in the language as clothing. The same word survives untranslated in chiton, the mollusc whose eight overlapping plates look like plate mail.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
19th century

Same family

chitonchitinous

In a sentence

Crab shells are mostly chitin stiffened with calcium carbonate.

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