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Everyday LifeGreekEnglish

Basil

/ˈbæzəl/noun

An aromatic herb with soft green leaves, used fresh in Mediterranean and Southeast Asian cooking.

The Greek roots

βασιλικόν
basilikón
royal (herb)

Literally: royal herb

The story of the word

The plant was the king's herb, basilikón, from basileús, king, and Greek sources connect it with royal ointment. The same king gives basilica, which started as a royal hall and ended as a church, and basilisk, the little king of serpents. Medieval writers who mixed the two claimed basil sprang up wherever a basilisk had died. In Greece it is still grown by the door and dipped in holy water more often than in olive oil.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → Old French → English
First recorded
15th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

basilicabasilisk

In a sentence

She tore the basil rather than cutting it, which the recipe insisted on.

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