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Politics & SocietyGreekEnglish

Xenophobia

/ˌzɛnəˈfoʊbiə/noun

Fear or hostility towards foreigners.

The Greek roots

ξένος
xénos
stranger, guest
+
φόβος
phóbos
fear, panic

Literally: fear of strangers

The story of the word

ξένος cuts both ways in Greek: it means the stranger and the host who takes him in, and ξενία, guest-friendship, was a binding duty with Zeus himself as its enforcer. The compound is modern, formed around 1900 on the pattern of the clinical phobia names. Xenon, the noble gas, comes from the same root, named in 1898 because it was the strange one.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
early 20th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

xenonxenophilephobiaxenolith

In a sentence

The campaign ran on xenophobia and very little else.

Built on the same root

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