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Smectite

/ˈsmɛktaɪt/noun

A group of clay minerals that swell dramatically when they take up water.

The Greek roots

σμήχειν
smḗchein
to wipe, to scour

Literally: the scouring earth

Follow a root:σμήχειν1 word

The story of the word

Greek fullers cleaned raw wool with a soapy clay they called σμηκτρὶς γῆ, scouring earth, from the verb for wiping something down. Mineralogists kept the name for the swelling clays, which now turn up in drilling mud, cat litter and face masks. The same verb gives medicine smegma, Greek for a cleansing unguent, and physics the smectic phase of liquid crystals, named for its soapy feel.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
19th century

Same family

smegmasmectic

In a sentence

Smectite in the subsoil is why the garden wall cracks every dry summer.

Drillers add smectite clay to keep the borehole from collapsing.

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