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Mind & EmotionGreekEnglish

Psychoanalysis

/ˌsaɪkoʊəˈnæləsɪs/noun

Freud's method of treating mental distress by uncovering unconscious material through speech.

The Greek roots

ψυχή
psychḗ
soul, breath, life
+
ἀνάλυσις
análysis
a loosening apart

Literally: an untying of the soul

The story of the word

Freud assembled the word in 1896, and the second half is a metaphor from untying rather than from chemistry: ἀνάλυσις is what you do to a knot or a ship's moorings. English took it around 1906. ψυχή was also the Greek for butterfly, which is why ancient art gives the departing soul a pair of wings.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → German → English
First recorded
1900s

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

psychologypsycheanalysiscatalysis

In a sentence

Four years of psychoanalysis, four mornings a week, and he still dreaded the couch.

Built on the same root

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