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Mind & EmotionGreekEnglish

Phantom

/ˈfæntəm/noun

A ghost or illusion, or something felt to be present that is not there.

The Greek roots

φάντασμα
phántasma
apparition, image

Literally: thing made visible

The story of the word

Φάντασμα is from φαίνειν, to show, so the word names an appearance rather than a spirit. Middle English wrote it fantosme or fantome, straight from Old French, and the ph- was put back by sixteenth-century scholars tidying spellings toward Greek. Silas Weir Mitchell named phantom limb in 1871 after treating amputees from the American Civil War, which is the phrase that keeps the word in medical use.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → Old French → English
First recorded
around 1300

Same family

fantasyphenomenonepiphanydiaphanous

In a sentence

The savings turned out to be a phantom, created by moving costs to another budget line.

Built on the same root

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