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Isotonic

/ˌaɪsəˈtɒnɪk/adjective

Having the same osmotic pressure as body fluid, or describing a muscle contraction that shortens under a constant load.

The Greek roots

ἴσος
ísos
equal
+
τόνος
tónos
tension, pitch

Literally: of equal tension

The story of the word

τόνος is the tension of a stretched string, from τείνειν, to stretch, which is also how it came to mean pitch and then tone. Physiologists use the compound in two senses, one about solutions and one about muscles. Sports drinks claim the first: matched to blood, so the gut empties them fast, which is why they taste faintly of salt.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
19th century

Same family

tonicmonotonousisobarisometric

In a sentence

An isotonic drink after a long ride does more than water alone.

Built on the same root

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