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Science & TechnologyGreekEnglish

Glucose

/ˈɡluːkoʊs/noun

The simple sugar that circulates in blood and fuels most cells.

The Greek roots

γλεῦκος
gleûkos
sweet new wine

Literally: sweet new wine

Follow a root:γλεῦκος1 word

The story of the word

Jean-Baptiste Dumas named it in 1838 from gleûkos, the sweet unfermented juice pressed from grapes. Its cousin glykýs, sweet, produced glycerine, glycogen and liquorice, which reached English as a squashed form of glykýrrhiza, sweet root. Chemists later fixed the ending -ose for every sugar, so this one word quietly set the pattern for lactose, fructose and sucrose.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → French → English
First recorded
1840s

Same family

glycogenglycerinehypoglycaemialiquorice

In a sentence

Her glucose was still high two hours after the meal.

Plants make glucose out of air, water and light, which never stops being remarkable.

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