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Faith & RitualGreekEnglish

Empyrean

/ˌɛmpaɪˈriːən/noun

The highest heaven, held in ancient cosmology to be made of pure fire or light.

The Greek roots

ἐν
en
in
+
πῦρ
pŷr
fire

Literally: in the fire

The story of the word

Ancient cosmology stacked the elements and put fire at the top, so the outermost heaven was ἔμπυρος, in flame. Christian writers kept the position and changed the substance, making it a heaven of light and the dwelling place of God rather than a sphere of burning; Dante ends the Paradiso there, outside space and time altogether. The same πῦρ gives pyre, pyrite and empyreuma, the burnt smell of scorched organic matter.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Medieval Latin → English
First recorded
15th century

Same family

pyrepyritepyrotechnicempyreuma

In a sentence

Milton sets the war in heaven below the empyrean itself.

Her reputation had risen to the empyrean and stayed there.

Built on the same root

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