Skip to content
Words & WritingGreekEnglish

Stemma

/ˈstɛmə/noun

A diagram showing how surviving manuscripts of a text descend from one another.

The Greek roots

στέμμα
stémma
wreath, garland

Literally: wreath

Follow a root:στέμμα1 word

The story of the word

In Greek a στέμμα was a wreath, the kind draped on altars and statues. Romans used the word for the garlands that linked the wax ancestor masks in an aristocratic atrium, and from those linked masks it came to mean a pedigree. Textual critics took it over for the family tree of manuscripts, with the lost archetype at the top and copies of copies branching below.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → English
First recorded
17th century

Same family

stemmaticstemmaticsdiadem

In a sentence

Two of the four medieval copies share the same missing page, which puts them on one branch of the stemma.

He redrew the stemma after a fragment turned up in Cairo.

More from Words & Writing