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Spermatozoon

/ˌspɜːrmətəˈzoʊɒn/noun

A mature male reproductive cell, propelled by a tail.

The Greek roots

σπέρμα
spérma
seed
+
ζῷον
zôion
living creature

Literally: seed animal

The story of the word

The animal in the name is a mistake preserved in amber. Leeuwenhoek saw the things under his lens in 1677 and called them animalcules, and for a century and a half many naturalists took them for parasites living in semen rather than the agent of fertilisation. Karl Ernst von Baer put the compound into circulation in 1827, the same year he identified the mammalian egg. σπέρμα comes from σπείρειν, to sow, which also scattered the diaspora.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
1820s

Same family

spermdiasporazoologyprotozoanspore

In a sentence

Under the microscope a single spermatozoon was still moving, thirty minutes after the sample arrived.

Built on the same root

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