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Faith & RitualGreekEnglish

Schism

/ˈsɪzəm/noun

A formal division within a church or other body, over doctrine or authority.

The Greek roots

σχίσμα
skhísma
a split, cleft
+
σχίζω
skhízō
to split, cleave

Literally: a split

The story of the word

John's gospel uses σχίσμα both for a crowd dividing over Jesus and for the tear the soldiers decide not to make in his tunic, so the word arrives in Christian use already carrying its physical sense. English borrowed it through Old French with a plain s sound, then scholars respelled it sch- to look Latin, and the two pronunciations have been fighting since. Eugen Bleuler built schizophrenia from the same verb in 1908, meaning a mind split within itself rather than a split personality.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Late Latin → Old French → English
First recorded
14th century

Same family

schizophreniaschistschizoid

In a sentence

The vote over the new liturgy produced a schism that has lasted two generations.

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