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Mind & EmotionGreekEnglish

Psychosis

/saɪˈkəʊsɪs/noun

A severe mental state in which a person loses contact with external reality.

The Greek roots

ψυχή
psykhḗ
soul, mind
+
-ωσις
-ōsis
abnormal condition

Literally: condition of the mind

The story of the word

Coined in German medicine around 1841 by Karl Friedrich Canstatt, and given its modern shape by Ernst von Feuchtersleben, who used it to mark off illnesses of the mind from Cullen's neuroses of the nerves. The ending -ωσις does the same work in tuberculosis and thrombosis: a diseased state. The split between psychosis and neurosis governed psychiatry for a century before diagnostic manuals dropped it.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
1840s

Same family

psychepsychoticneurosispsychiatry

In a sentence

The ward treats first-episode psychosis in people under twenty-five.

Built on the same root

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