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Medicine & BodyGreekEnglish

Peritoneum

/ˌpɛrɪtəˈniːəm/noun

The membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the organs inside it.

The Greek roots

περί
perí
around
+
τείνειν
teínein
to stretch

Literally: stretched around

The story of the word

περιτόναιον is a participle turned into a noun: the thing stretched around. The membrane does exactly that, lining the abdominal wall and folding back over the gut, and its enormous surface is why an infection there turns dangerous so fast and why it can be used for dialysis. τείνειν also stretches through tendon, tetanus and the hypotenuse, the side that stretches under the right angle.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Medieval Latin → English
First recorded
16th century

Same family

tendontetanushypotenuseperimeter

In a sentence

The surgeon closed the peritoneum before anything else.

Dialysis can be done through the peritoneum at home instead of at a clinic.

Built on the same root

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