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Number & MeasureGreekEnglish

Parallelogram

/ˌpærəˈlɛləɡræm/noun

A four-sided figure whose opposite sides are parallel and equal.

The Greek roots

παράλληλος
parállēlos
beside one another
+
γραμμή
grammḗ
line, stroke

Literally: of parallel lines

The story of the word

Euclid's παραλληλόγραμμον means the figure of parallel lines, and γραμμή is a drawn stroke from γράφειν, to scratch. The gram in this word is therefore a line, not a weight, despite looking identical to the gram on a kitchen scale. Newton's parallelogram of forces carried the term into mechanics in 1687.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Late Latin → French → English
First recorded
16th century

The same roots elsewhere

Other languages reached for exactly the same Greek pieces.

Same family

paralleldiagramgrammarprogram

In a sentence

Push a rectangle sideways and it becomes a parallelogram with the same area.

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