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Osteoarthritis

/ˌɒstiəʊɑːˈθraɪtɪs/noun

Joint pain and stiffness caused by cartilage wearing away and bone remodelling underneath.

The Greek roots

ὀστέον
ostéon
bone
+
ἄρθρον
árthron
joint
+
-ῖτις
-îtis
inflammation

Literally: bone-joint inflammation

The story of the word

The -itis is a poor fit. Inflammation is a consequence here rather than the cause, the primary event being cartilage loss, which is why some clinicians prefer osteoarthrosis and why anti-inflammatories treat the symptom and not the disease. ἄρθρον, a joint, had a second career in grammar: Greek grammarians called the definite article an ἄρθρον, the small joint that hinges a word into its sentence, and Latin rendered it articulus, from which English took article.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
19th century

Same family

arthritisarthropodosteopatharthroscopy

In a sentence

The x-ray showed osteoarthritis in both knees, which explained the stairs.

Osteoarthritis is not simply wear and tear, whatever the leaflet says.

Built on the same root

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