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Number & MeasureGreekEnglish

Monotonic

/ˌmɒnəˈtɒnɪk/adjective

Describing a sequence or function that only ever increases or only ever decreases, never doubling back.

The Greek roots

μόνος
mónos
single, alone
+
τόνος
tónos
pitch, stretching

Literally: of one pitch

The story of the word

τόνος comes from τείνω, to stretch, and first meant the tension of a string, then the pitch it sounds. μονότονος in Greek described speech kept at one note, which is still what monotonous means. Mathematics borrowed the picture and dropped the sound: a monotonic function holds one direction the way a drone holds one pitch.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
19th century

Same family

monotonoustonetonicisotonic

In a sentence

Because the cost function is monotonic in temperature, the optimum sits at one end of the range.

Built on the same root

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