Skip to content
Number & MeasureGreekEnglish

Kurtosis

/kɜːrˈtoʊsɪs/noun

A measure of how much of a distribution's variance comes from rare extreme values.

The Greek roots

κύρτωσις
kúrtōsis
a bulging, curvature
+
κυρτός
kurtós
curved, humped

Literally: a bulging

The story of the word

Karl Pearson took the word in 1905 and coined its three companions in the same stretch of work, leptokurtic, platykurtic and mesokurtic, thin-humped, broad-humped and middle-humped. The textbook gloss, peakedness, is misleading and has been argued against for decades: kurtosis is driven by the tails, not the peak. In finance that distinction is the whole point, since high kurtosis means the disaster is rarer than normal and much worse when it comes.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → scientific coinage → English
First recorded
1905

Same family

leptokurticplatykurtic

In a sentence

Daily returns show heavy kurtosis, which is a polite way of saying the model will be wrong on the worst day.

More from Number & Measure