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Medicine & BodyGreekEnglish

Etiology

/ˌiːtiˈɒlədʒi/noun

The set of causes of a disease or condition, or the branch of medicine that investigates them.

The Greek roots

αἰτία
aitía
cause, blame
+
λόγος
lógos
study, account

Literally: study of causes

The story of the word

Aitia carried a legal edge before a medical one: it meant the charge laid against someone, the responsibility. Doctors still write "etiology unknown" when nothing can be pinned down. Folklorists borrowed the word too, for stories that exist to explain an origin, such as why the raven is black.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → English
First recorded
17th century

Same family

aetiologicalapologylogicbiology

In a sentence

The etiology of the outbreak was traced to a single water tank.

Chronic fatigue syndrome still has a contested etiology.

Built on the same root

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