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Medicine & BodyGreekEnglish

Deltoid

/ˈdɛltɔɪd/noun

The triangular muscle capping the shoulder, which lifts the arm away from the body.

The Greek roots

δέλτα
délta
the letter delta
+
εἶδος
eîdos
form, shape

Literally: delta shaped

The story of the word

The muscle is a triangle with its point aimed down the arm, so anatomists named it after the shape of the capital letter. Herodotus had applied the same triangle to the mouth of the Nile in the fifth century BC, which is why every river fan on earth is now a delta. The letter itself goes back to Phoenician daleth, a door.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → English
First recorded
18th century

Same family

deltadeltiologyrhomboid

In a sentence

The nurse gave the injection into the deltoid and had him move the arm straight away.

Six months of swimming had visibly built up his deltoids.

Built on the same root

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