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Medicine & BodyGreekEnglish

Chyle

/kaɪl/noun

The milky fluid of fat and lymph absorbed from the intestine after a meal.

The Greek roots

χυλός
chȳlós
juice
+
χεῖν
cheîn
to pour

Literally: juice

The story of the word

Greek had two near-synonyms for juice, χυλός and χυμός, and medicine put them to work as a pair: chyme is the porridge leaving the stomach, chyle the milky liquid the gut hands to the lymph vessels. Aselli saw the lacteals in a well-fed dog in 1622, white threads across the mesentery that vanish in a fasting animal, which is why nobody had noticed them before. The other word, χυμός, went into Latin as humor and gave the four humours of ancient medicine.

How it travelled
Ancient Greek → Latin → English
First recorded
15th century

Same family

chymehumour

In a sentence

A damaged thoracic duct leaks chyle into the chest.

Fat leaves the intestine as chyle rather than going straight into the blood.

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